De Griffel

GeschiedenisArose in Norfolk or possibly Herefords where known as Hanging Pearmain. Brought to notice c1826 by R. Adams. Synonyms: many.

VruchtHandsome. Rich, aromatic, nutty flavour; firmly textured. Essential for Victorian and Edwardian dessert. Grown also for market in C19th.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: e/m-Oct · Bewaring: Nov-Mar · Productie: gd

SynoniemenPrimrouge

GeschiedenisRaised 1937 at Morioka Exp St. Jonathan X Worcester Pearmain. Introduced 1970.

VruchtCrisp, juicy, sweet, slightly chewy flesh; hint of strawberry flavour.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: m/l-Aug · Bewaring: Aug-Sept · Productie: gd

SynoniemenSouth Lincoln Pippin

GeschiedenisRaised before 1884 by nurseryman Thomas Laxton, Lincs. King of the Pippins X Cox’s Orange Pippin. Originally South Lincoln Pippin, renamed 1894 by George Bunyard after his nursery nr Maidstone, Kent. Introduced 1896. RHS FCC 1894 as Brown’s South Lincoln Beauty. Widely planted commercially and in gardens in early 1900s.

VruchtMellows to intense fruit drop or pineapple taste, although still fairly sharp by Christmas, but needs a good year. Very sharp and bitter-sweet in Nov, but cooks well, keeps shape with good flavour; sweet, not bland. Frt Col brownish rd flush over pale yell, becoming orng rd over bright yell; lenticels russeted.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: e-Oct · Bewaring: Nov-Dec · Productie: gd

Synoniemende Caluau, Calvau Noire

GeschiedenisBelieved to be an ancient variety. As syn, de Caluau or Calvau Noire recorded in 1608 by Olivier de Serre. Very dark red flush. Very similar taste to Api; highly decorative. Formerly grown all over France.

VruchtFrt Col very dark red flush. Taste very similar to Api. Highly decorative.

TeeltGroei: T1 · Pluk: m/l-Oct · Bewaring: Dec-Apr · Productie: hvy, hngs late

GeschiedenisAccording to Hogg, raised in C18th by physician Dr Ashmead, but local historians now believe this to be an error. It is more likely that William Ashmead (d 1782), Clerk of Gloucester City, raised this variety in the garden of a house, which became Ashmead House, Gloucester. Ronalds records in 1831 that the tree was then 100 years’ old. RHS FCC 1981; AGM 1993.

VruchtStrong, sweet-sharp intense flavour reminiscent of fruit or acid drops and of Nonpareil, but sweeter than its probable parent; firm, white flesh. Long esteemed by connoisseurs; widely planted from mid-C19th and recently regained popularity in England and North America.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: e/m-Oct · Bewaring: Dec-Feb · Productie: C gd but erratic poss due to cold springs; prn bitter pit

GeschiedenisFound c1740 on farm of John Ball, Wilmington, Massachusetts. Originally Pecker or Woodpecker, because the tree was frequented by woodpeckers. Popularised, renamed early 1800s. Stone apple on pillar, erected in 1895, marks ‘the estate where in 1793 Saml. Thompson Esq, while locating the line of the Middlesex canal discovered the first Pecker Apple tree later named the Baldwin’. Colonel Loammi Baldwin was also an engineer on the Middlesex Canal and his statue at North Woburn is wreathed in apples and inscribed ‘Disseminator of the apple in honor of him called the Baldwin apple, which proceeds from a tree growing wild about 2 miles north of this monument’. Overtaken by Jonathan in early 1900s; but still popular in the northeastern US.

VruchtSweet, fruity, retaining crisp, lively character; but often fails to ripen in England. Highly esteemed and widely grown across northern States in C19th; exported to UK. Also used for pies, cider and processing. Frt col dp maroon; pale grnish yell ground col; often ltl russet. Size lrge. Shape flt-rnd to almost oblng; irregular; ribbed; 5 crowned. Basin brd, dp; ribbed. Eye qte lrg, prt open; sepals lng. Cavity brd, qte dp; russet lined. Stalk shrt/med lng, qte thck. Flesh wht, tinge grn.

TeeltGroei: t3 · Pluk: m-Oct · Bewaring: Dec-Apr · Productie: C gd, bien

GeschiedenisAcc may be the variety known since the early 1800s, but with a confused history. The most widely accepted history begins in 1799 with William Davis and John Hills in Butler County, Kentucky. The variety spread through root suckers, and by 1865, it was widely known.

VruchtDeep red flushed; sweet, firm flesh, light flavor. Widely planted in the US, overtaken by Winesap and later Delicious.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: m-Oct · Bewaring: Dec-Mar/May · Productie: gd

Synoniemensee Freiherr von Berlepsch

Synoniemensyn Rose de Berne

GeschiedenisDiscovered by nurseryman Daepp of Oppligen. Fruited 1888. Very popular in Switzerland and also grown in Germany, Alsace, and Franche Comté, France. Often ripens poorly in England and tastes metallic.

VruchtVery pretty, flushed in deep red. Sweet, juicy flesh.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: e-Oct · Bewaring: Nov-Jan · Productie: hvy

Synoniemensee Rubin

GeschiedenisArose in Bremen, named after dike-warden Boike. Known since 1828. Still valued in eastern Germany for cooking, drying, juice manufacture, and fresh fruit. Also grown in Bas Rhin (Alsace) and early 1900s in New York as a late-market culinary variety.

VruchtBright yellow with a pinky-orange flush. Sharp, crisp; sweetens but remains fresh and fruity until March.

TeeltGroei: T1 · Pluk: l-Oct · Bewaring: Dec-Mar/Apr

SynoniemenReinette Burchard

GeschiedenisRaised by von Hartwiss, director of the royal garden at Nikita, Crimea; recorded in 1863. Named after pomologist O. Burchardt of Landsberg.

VruchtSweet yet sprightly with refreshing savoury taste. Soft, white, juicy flesh. Grown in Crimea, Transcaucasia.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: e/m-Oct · Bewaring: Nov-Dec/Jan

GeschiedenisRaised in 1953 by R. C. Lamb, NYSAES Geneva. Monroe X (Macoun X Antonovka). Introduced in 1974.

VruchtStunning colour – dark burgundy over bright pink. Cream flesh heavily stained with pink. Sweet, light savoury taste; crisp flesh.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: l-Sept · Bewaring: Oct-Nov

SynoniemenKalco

Synoniemensyn Duchess of Oldenburg

GeschiedenisDiscovered by John Braddick at Claygate, Surrey, growing in hedge of Firs estate. Exhibited at London Hort Soc 1821. RHS FCC 1921; AGM 1993. Grown in most Victorian and Edwardian country house gardens. One of Edward Bunyard’s ‘indispensable dozen’.

VruchtStrong nutty taste, rich, aromatic. Firm, slightly crumbling flesh, like Blenheim, but with some aromatic quality of Ribston.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: e/m-Oct · Bewaring: Dec-Feb · Productie: gd

GeschiedenisRaised c1800 by Mr Cockle, Godstone, Surrey. Widely popular in 19th century; grown in gardens and for market.

VruchtQuite rich, firm; some aromatic quality in a good year.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: m-Oct · Bewaring: S Nov/Dec-Mar · Productie: hvy

GeschiedenisRaised in 1898 by S. A. Beach, New York State Agricultural Experiment Station, Geneva. Ben Davis X McIntosh. Introduced in 1915. Silver Wilder Medal 1923.

VruchtStriped, flushed in red; McIntosh type. Very sweet, soft, melting white flesh, vinous flavor; can be very good.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: e-Oct · Bewaring: S Oct-Jan/Mar; commercially May · Productie: hvy

SynoniemenCalville de Danzig

GeschiedenisArose in present-day Danzig (Gdańsk). Cited in 1760 under synonym by Dutch botanist Knoop. Numerous synonyms.

VruchtLarge, Calville shape; deep red. Sharp in September, but quite intense, rich flavor; crisp, firm, juicy, almost yellow flesh. Develops hints of aromatic quality. Cooked, keeps shape, good, quite brisk taste. Widely grown in northern and central Europe in the 19th century.

TeeltGroei: T1 · Pluk: e-Sept · Bewaring: Sept-Oct/Nov; becomes greasy

SynoniemenDelbarestival

GeschiedenisRaised 1956 by nursmn G. Delbard, Malicorn, nr Commentry, Allier (Auvergne). Golden Delicious X Stark Jonagrimes. Trade name Delbarestival. RHS AGM 1998. Very sweet, honeyed, deep cream, crisp flesh, with hints of aniseed flavour. As Delbarestival grown commercially France, also Belgium, Italy, Germany, small extent England. Red sport Monidel is also known as Delbarestival and also grown commercially.

VruchtVery sweet, honeyed, deep cream, crisp flesh, with hints of aniseed flavour.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: e-Sept · Bewaring: Sept-Oct; cold store-Jan · Productie: hvy

SynoniemenSyn Wellington

GeschiedenisRaised in the late 1700s by Richard Dummeller, a farmer in Shakerstone, near Ashby-de-la-Zouche, Leicestershire. Believed to come from a Northern Greening pip. Sent from Gopsall Hall (Earl Howe’s estate) to Richard Williams, who exhibited it in 1818 at the London Horticultural Society as Dumelow’s Crab. Renamed Wellington around 1819 or 1820. Also known as Normanton Wonder in northern England. RHS AGM 1993. Was widely grown in Victorian times for both gardens and markets, especially for making mincemeat. Though overtaken by Bramley in the early 1900s, many old trees remain in the west Midlands.

VruchtPale greenish white to pale yellow, sometimes mottled with bright apricot or stripes. Lenticels as purplish dots. Becomes greasy. Medium to large-sized, flat-round, sometimes with a hairline round apex. Basin broad, shallow, slightly ribbed. Eye large and open with long, broad sepals. Cavity narrow and quite shallow with russet lining. Short, thick stalk. White flesh.

TeeltGroei: T3 · Pluk: e/m-Oct · Bewaring: Nov-Apr · Productie: gd

SynoniemenTam Montgomery

GeschiedenisBelieved to have arisen in Scotland and known before 1800. Introduced to southern England early 1800s by nurseryman Hugh Ronalds, Brentford, Middx.

VruchtReady to use as early as July; straw yellow when fully ripe. Good, refreshing taste; firm, brisk, cream flesh. Cooks to bright yellow purée; light, fruity. Grown for market and popular as a garden apple in the 19th century.

TeeltGroei: T3 · Pluk: use Aug · Bewaring: - · Productie: gd

Synoniemen-

GeschiedenisIntroduced in 1897 by Hillier & Sons, Winchester, Hants. RHS AM 1897.

VruchtHandsome. Intensely flavored, rich, aromatic, deep cream flesh; rather chewy texture.

TeeltGroei: T1 · Pluk: e-Oct · Bewaring: Nov/Dec-Feb/Apr · Productie: gd; prn bitter pit

SynoniemenBorsdorfer

GeschiedenisArose in the village of Borsdorf in Meissen and probably very old. ‘Borsdorf’ was cited as grown in ‘Misnia’ by Valerius Cordus (died 1544). Introduced to England, listed in 1785 by Brompton Park Nursery, London. Synonyms are numerous. In the 18th century, it was the ‘Pride of the Germans’. Queen Charlotte of Mecklenburg, wife of George III, had consignments sent to London yearly. Formerly widely grown in Europe but never became popular in England.

VruchtAttractive, flushed in pinky-orange over yellow. Very sweet, scented as if with elderflowers; firm, white flesh. Needs a warm summer for good flavor; can be metallic and flat.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: m-Oct · Bewaring: Nov-Jan · Productie: hvy

Synoniemen-

GeschiedenisArose at the Central Experimental Farm, Ottawa. McIntosh X Forest. Selected in 1929.

VruchtBrilliant red with bloom, like McIntosh. Pink-stained, sweet, juicy, soft melting flesh.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: e/m-Oct · Bewaring: Nov-Dec · Productie: hvy

GeschiedenisRaised by Diedrich Uhlhorn Jr., an engineer and fruit breeder, in Grevenbroich, Rhineland. A cross of Ananas Reinette X Eva (syn Mank’s Codlin). Recorded 1908.

VruchtSmall, golden. Savoury, refreshing, crisp flesh. Reported high vitamin C content.

TeeltGroei: T1 · Pluk: e-Sept · Bewaring: Sept-Oct · Productie: C hvy, bien

GeschiedenisArose with ‘low Dutch’ at Esopus, Ulster County, New York. Known before 1790. Sent in 1824 by Michael Floy of New York Hort Soc to London Hort Soc.

VruchtMost beautiful, bright red. Rich, fruity flavour; lively acidity; lots of character; hard, very crisp, almost yellow flesh.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: e/m-Oct · Bewaring: Nov-Mar · Productie: C hvy

GeschiedenisRaised 1924 by G. T. Spinks at LARS, Bristol. Worcester Pearmain X Beauty of Bath.

VruchtRipe early Aug, but can be quite astringent.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: eat Aug · Productie: gd; frt cracks

GeschiedenisRaised by Dr F. Alston, EMRS, Kent. James Grieve X Golden Delicious. Introd 1986. RHS AGM 1993.

VruchtPretty red flush, stripes. Fruity, well balanced; crisp, juicy. Planted commercially in Kent.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: e-Oct · Bewaring: S Oct-Dec · Productie: C hvy

SynoniemenSnow Apple

GeschiedenisEither originated as scions, or more prob as seed, brought from France. Trees recorded as planted c1730 on eastern shores Lake Champlain at Chimney Point, from here scions widely distributed to early French settlements.

VruchtDeep red flush with pink undertones and snow white flesh. Sweet, crisp, juicy yet soft and melting; light strawberry flavour. Formerly widely grown, especially around Montreal. Displaced by McIntosh, but still grown.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: l-Sept/e-Oct · Bewaring: S Oct-Dec · Productie: C hvy; frt often sml

GeschiedenisRaised before 1780 in Mr Bagley’s garden, Fulham, London.

VruchtBrilliant scarlet. Crisp, juicy, sweet-sharp, almost lemon quality; mellows to hint raspberry flavour. Prized for dining table; among Victorian top dozen varieties. Widely grown in gardens, by London market gardeners and in Kent, but popularity waned by 1890s.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: e-Oct · Bewaring: S Oct-Jan/Feb · Productie: C gd

GeschiedenisRaised before 1904 by gardener Fiesser of Baden Baden, from Bismark seed. Often very large. Cooks to strong, sharp fruity purée; needs sugar.

VruchtCooks to strong, sharp fruity purée; needs sugar.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: m-Sept · Bewaring: S Oct-Nov

SynoniemenNone

GeschiedenisArose c1860 on island of Finkenwerder in Elbe near Hamburg. Formerly widely grown around Hamburg; recommended for juice.

VruchtDistinctive flavour in home territory.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: l-Oct · Bewaring: Dec-Mar

SynoniemenRose de Saint-Florian

GeschiedenisDescribed 1776. Prettily red striped.

VruchtQuite rich, honeyed taste; soft, deep cream flesh.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: m-Oct · Bewaring: Nov-Dec/Jan

SynoniemenQuerina

GeschiedenisFrance; raised INRA, Angers. Complex parentage involving scab resistant seedling. Trade name Querina. Introd 1977. Planted commercially in France.

VruchtHandsome, red flushed. Sweet, quite crisp, pale yellow flesh; modest richness.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: e-Oct · Bewaring: Oct-Dec · Productie: Hvy

SynoniemenBaron de Berlepsch, Berlepsch

GeschiedenisRaised around 1880 by Diedrich Uhlhorn Jr., engineer and fruit breeder, at Grevenbroich, Rhineland. Named after Hans Hermann Freiherr von Berlepsch, president of Rhineland (1884–90) and Minister for Trade and Industry in Imperial Germany.

VruchtIntense pineapple flavor, sweet with plenty of acidity; crisp and juicy. Also used for cooking; high in vitamin C (25–35mg/100g).

TeeltGroei: T3 · Pluk: e-Oct · Bewaring: Nov-Dec/Jan · Productie: gd, bien

GeschiedenisNew Zealand; raised 1934 by J. H. Kidd at Greytown, Wairarapa Valley. Golden Delicious X Cox’s Orange Pippin. On his death, Kidd’s seedlings passed to DSIR, Havelock North; select by Dr. W. McKenzie for amateurs. Introd 1958. Named after military hero Lord Freyberg, Governor General New Zealand, 1946–52.

VruchtAmazingly strongly scented flavour; very sweet, honeyed. Can be low in juice, acidity, little taste fruit.

TeeltGroei: T1 · Pluk: m-Oct · Bewaring: Nov-Dec/Jan

GeschiedenisArose Wigtown, Galloway, Scotland. Brought to notice 1871, then said to be old. RHS FCC 1871. Siddington Russet; arose 1923 with John Jeffries & Sons Ltd; Siddington, Gloucs.

VruchtLarge, russet freckled over yellow. Cooked, keeps shape; quite rich flavour. Best used early for cooking as flavour, acidity fade.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: l-Sept/e-Oct · Bewaring: Nov-Feb · Productie: gd

GeschiedenisRaised in 1923 by George Cave, Dovercourt, Essex. Acquired by Seabrook & Sons, Boreham, Essex, and named in 1945. Formerly a market apple following Beauty of Bath in shops, now only grown for Farm Shop trade.

VruchtStrong, sweet-sharp taste, more interesting than most summer apples; reminiscent of Nonpareil family.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: e/m-Aug

GeschiedenisUnknown origin; old local variety of Württemberg. May be a seedling of Luikenapfel.

VruchtCrisp, juicy, sweet, plenty of acidity, with a spicy, almost peppery taste.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: m-Oct · Bewaring: Dec-Mar · Productie: gd

SynoniemenMonstrous Pippin, Ox Apple

GeschiedenisConfused history. Recorded in the USA in 1804; introduced to England in 1817. Possibly the same as Baltimore Monstrous Pippin, which arose around 1780 in Baltimore, Maryland. Formerly a ‘show’ apple for country fairs in the US; a specimen recorded in 1860 weighed three and a half pounds.

VruchtVery large. Cooks to dark gold, sweet purée, with some flavour. Acidity fades with keeping.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: e-Oct · Bewaring: Oct-Dec/Mar

GeschiedenisRaised 1951 at Fruit Res St, Jork, nr Hamburg. Weisser Winterglockenapfel (Glockenapfel) X Richared Delicious. Introduced 1967. Widely planted over northern Europe, although now declined, but remains important variety in Germany, Belgium, Austria, northern Italy, Switzerland, Poland.

VruchtAttractive, dark red flushed. Sweetness of Red Delicious, some balancing acidity; good flavour; crisp flesh. Dual purpose on continent. (Vit C 4–8mg/100gm).

TeeltGroei: T3 · Pluk: m-Oct · Bewaring: Nov-Feb/Mar · Productie: hvy; prn develop mouldy core in store

GeschiedenisProbable one of many Grand’mère varieties that exist in France. Large. Slightly scented, quite sweet. Cooked, keeps shape, sweet, light.

VruchtLarge. Slightly scented, quite sweet. Cooked, keeps shape, sweet, light.

TeeltGroei: T1 · Pluk: Late October · Bewaring: Nov/Dec-Jan

SynoniemenGreen Rolland, Yorkshire Beauty, Cumberland Favourite, Red Hawthornden

GeschiedenisFound in the garden of shoemaker Greenup in Keswick, Cumberland. Introduced in the late 1700s by Clarke & Atkinson Nursery, Keswick. Grown 'throughout Border Counties' in the 19th century and considered 'valuable where choicer varieties do not attain perfection.'

VruchtSharp, savoury, quite acidic; soft, juicy, white flesh. Cooks to creamy juicy froth or purée, brisk, well-flavoured.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: m-Sept · Bewaring: Sept-Nov

GeschiedenisOrigin unknown; recorded 1862. Exhibited by nurseryman Charles Turner of Slough at the 1863 Crystal Palace Show; RHS FCC 1883; AGM 1993. Brought to prominence at the 1883 Congress by George Bunyard, and soon promoted as an ‘improvement on Keswick Codlin’, as it produced much larger fruit. Early market fruit up to the 1980s; now overtaken by early-picked Bramley’s Seedling. Remains valued in Belgium, where it is an RGF variety, recommended for cultivation by Agric Res Centre, Gembloux.

VruchtFrt Col grn/yell; scarf skin at base. Size lrge. Shape rnd con; qte irregular; ribbed, flt sided. Basin nrw, qte shal; ribbed, puckered. Eye sml, clsd. Cavity brd, qte dp. Stalk shrt, thck. Flesh wht.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: m-Aug · Bewaring: Aug-Sept · Productie: hvy

GeschiedenisSwitzerland; raised by Löbner, Wädenswil. First desc 1899.

VruchtDark orange red flush, stripes. Lightly perfumed, aromatic quality; sweet, slightly crumbling texture.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: m-Oct · Bewaring: Nov-Mar

SynoniemenReinette Harbert

GeschiedenisRecorded 1828 by A. Diel, sent to him by pomologist Harbert from Westphalia. Diel thought poss arose in old monastery. Esteemed in Germany, grown also Alsace, Netherlands; also used for juice, drying and cooking, especially to top ‘Apple Cake’.

VruchtLarge; handsome. Sweet, plenty of fruit and acidity, recalls Golden Reinette.

TeeltGroei: T3 · Pluk: e-Oct · Bewaring: Oct-Jan/Mar · Productie: gd; prn bitter pit

GeschiedenisRaised by M. Schmidt and H. Muraski at Institute for Agriculture & Horticulture, Münchenberg-Mark. Oldenburg X. Introduced 1969.

VruchtRed flecks over pale primrose. Sweet, savoury, quite rich.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: eat m-Aug

GeschiedenisArose in Herefords. Known since the late 1700s. Deep red flush with stripes. Sharp, firm, and not very juicy flesh. Cooked, keeps shape; pretty yellow; quite rich flavour. Suitable for open tarts; best early in the season. In C19th, recommended for drying.

VruchtSharp, firm flesh; cooked keeps shape; not very juicy.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: e-Oct · Bewaring: Oct-Dec · Productie: frt drops

GeschiedenisDiscovered 1933 in Abilene, Texas by Anna Morris Daniels. Believed to be a Jonathan and Red Delicious cross. Introduced 1960 by Stark Bros Nurseries, Missouri.

VruchtBright red flush stripes over clear yellow. Slightly honeyed, but often rather bland, yellow flesh.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: M-Oct · Bewaring: Nov-Jan; commercially-Mar

GeschiedenisRaised in 1940 by F. S. Howlett, Ohio Agricultural Experiment Station, Wooster, Ohio. Macoun X Jonathan. Introduced in 1964. Ripe during Christmas holidays.

VruchtDeep red with waxy bloom; sweet, crisp, juicy, slight vinous or strawberry flavour; tough skin.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: m-Oct · Bewaring: Nov/Dec-Jan

SynoniemenNone

GeschiedenisFlushed brownish-red with red stripes over pale green; turns bright orange-red over yellow; becomes greasy. Size: large/very large. Shape: short-rounded-conical, ribbed; 5-crowned; flat base tapering to flat apex. Basin: broad, deep, ribbed, puckered; sometimes slightly russet. Eye: large, closed or half-open; sepals large, broad, very downy. Cavity: broad, deep, russet-lined. Stalk: short, thick. Flesh: pale cream.

VruchtWhen fresh, quite sweet, juicy, and pleasant. Cooked, keeps shape but very light and insipid compared to Bramley.

TeeltGroei: T3 · Pluk: Nov.–Mar. · Productie: Early/Mid-Oct.

GeschiedenisRaised Fed. Agric. Res. St. Wädenswil. Glockenapfel X Golden Delicious. Received 1999.

VruchtGolden; perfect even shape. Firm, juicy, cream flesh; some honeyed quality, but more piquant and savoury than Golden Delicious.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: e-Oct · Bewaring: Nov-Jan

GeschiedenisRaised 1954 at Fruit Res St, Jork, nr Hamburg. Ingrid Marie X Golden Delicious.

VruchtLarge; bright red flush over yellow. Good, rich taste; strong pineapple acidity; soft, juicy flesh.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: e-Oct · Bewaring: Oct-Nov/Dec; commercially-Apr · Productie: C hvy

GeschiedenisRaised c1910 at Flemløse, Westfyn Island. Believed Cox’s Orange Pippin seedling. Desc 1924. Named after daughter of Mr Madsen, a teacher, who found the tree.

VruchtAt best, quite rich, lightly aromatic flavour, soft juicy flesh; but in England often rather bleak. Frt Col dark rd flush, rd stripes; grnish yell/yell background; lenticels prom as lrg russet dots. Size med/lrg. Shape flt-rnd. Basin brd, shal; sltly ribbed. Eye hlf/fully open; sepals pointed. Cavity brd, dp; russet lined. Stalk med, qte thin. Flesh pale cream.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: l-Sept · Bewaring: Oct-Dec

GeschiedenisPropagated from tree growing in Isaac Newton’s garden at Woolsthorpe Manor, nr Grantham, Lincs. Appears identical to Flower of Kent, which was listed 1629 by Parkinson, but not mentioned again until 1802 by Forsyth. Large, heavily ribbed. Cooks to sweet, delicately flavoured purée. Newton’s early work on gravitation was done 1665–66 when he was staying at his mother’s house, Woolsthorpe, where he had gone to avoid the plague. While sitting under an apple tree, the ‘notion of gravitation came into his mind occasion’d by the fall of an apple’. This tree, eventually supported by props, died in 1814. Its wood was used to make a chair for the Woolsthorpe Library. Some years previously the Manor owners had repropagated the tree and planted it in Lord Brownlow’s garden at nearby Belton. Material from this tree, via Kew Gardens and EMRS, Kent has provided scion wood for Isaac Newton trees at National Physics Laboratory Teddington and sites in Cambridge, USA, New Zealand.

VruchtLarge, heavily ribbed. Cooks to sweet, delicately flavoured purée.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: P m-Oct · Bewaring: S Nov-Jan

GeschiedenisRaised 1950 by A. A. Schaap at IVT, Wageningen. Cox’s Orange Pippin X Golden Delicious. Introd 1966.

VruchtHoneyed, crisp; more acidity than Golden Delicious and elements of Cox’s aromatic flavour.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: e-Oct · Bewaring: S Nov-Jan/Feb

GeschiedenisGermany; found c1800 by head teacher, Hesselman, in Witzhelden, Kreis Solingen, Rhur. Poss Harberts Reinette seedling. Introd by mid-1800s. Grown Germany mainly for juice.

VruchtSweet, plenty of fruit, acidity, quite nutty.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: e-Oct · Bewaring: Nov-Feb/Mar

GeschiedenisProb arose early 1800s in Crimea. Grown Crimea, Transcaucasia, Turkey. Also grown France – around Paris especially Montreuil in 1920s as luxury fruit; now found at high altitudes in Franche-Comté, Puy de Dôme (Auvergne).

VruchtSweet, plenty of fresh acidity; juicy, crisp.

TeeltGroei: T1 · Pluk: m-Oct · Bewaring: Dec-Feb · Productie: hvy

GeschiedenisRaised in 1946 by P. Bergendal at Agricultural College, Balsgård. A cross between Kortland (Cortland) and Ingrid Marie. Introduced in the late 1970s. The apple's name comes from the initials of its parent varieties. Large maroon-flushed fruit grown commercially in Sweden.

VruchtPronounced strawberry flavor, crisp, juicy, quite sweet but with plenty of acidity. Cooks to good savory purée.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: l-Sept · Bewaring: Oct-Nov/Dec, cold store-Mar · Productie: C gd

GeschiedenisArose 1863 with I. Klöchner Steiermark.

VruchtScented, sweet, white flesh; recalls Edelborsdorfer.

TeeltGroei: T1 · Pluk: e-Oct · Bewaring: Nov-Jan/Feb

GeschiedenisArose Mecklenburg; known 1852; first fruited with Revenue Officer Woltmann, in Zeven nr Bremen.

VruchtBrisk, savoury taste; rather like sharp Golden Reinette; firm flesh.

TeeltGroei: T3 · Pluk: m-Oct · Bewaring: Nov-Jan

SynoniemenReine Sophie

GeschiedenisOrigins confused with Lemon Pippin, but prob arose England late 1700s; distributed as Winter Queen by nursmn Loddiges of London. Renamed 1821 by German pomologist Diel.

VruchtSimilar appearance to Lemon Pippin with swelling at base of stalk, but not the same. Modest richness, quite sweet, firm, chewy, nearly yellow flesh.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: m-Oct · Bewaring: Nov-Dec/Mar

SynoniemenRED SUDELEY

GeschiedenisUK; raised c1849 by Mr Jacobs, prob when farm bailiff at Sharsted Farm, Chatham, Kent. Renamed and introd 1885 by nursmn George Bunyard, Kent. RHS AM 1884. Widely grown, even in north, Scotland; many old trees remain.

VruchtQuite sweet, strongly flavoured, but underlying astringent taste; firm yellow flesh. Frt Col bold rd stripes, pink flush over grnish yell/gold; russet at base.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: e-Sept · Bewaring: Sept · Productie: gd;

GeschiedenisRaised c1840 by Councillor Burchardt, Landsberg, Brandenburg. RHS FCC 1882. Formerly widely grown Northern Europe. Grown eastern Germany for juice processing, but in decline.

VruchtSlight savoury flavour, sweet, juicy, soft, white flesh; can be empty.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: l-Sept · Bewaring: Oct-Jan · Productie: gd

GeschiedenisRaised before 1841 by Thomas Squire, Berkampstead, Herts. Believed Russet Nonpareil X Dumelow’s Seedling. Introd c1850 by John Lane, Berkhampstead. Exhib British Pom Soc 1857. RHS FCC 1872; AGM 1993. Tree transplanted 1841 by Squire on the day Prince Albert and Queen Victoria visited. Remained small and neat. Popular garden apple by 1880s. Planted for market but bruises easily, leading to its decline, though still valued by amateurs. Widely distributed in northern Europe.

VruchtCooks to lemon coloured purée, brisk but not as strong as Bramley. Sweetens with time.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: m-Oct · Bewaring: Nov-Mar · Productie: gd

SynoniemenNFT Clone; Crimson Superb; Maxton; Red Superb (Fox-Den); Russet Superb

GeschiedenisRaised 1897 by Laxton Bros, Bedford. Wyken Pippin X Cox’s Orange Pippin. Introduced 1922. RHS AM 1919; FCC 1921. Formerly grown for market, but its biennial bearing led to its demise; remains popular garden apple; will grow where Cox fails to thrive.

VruchtSome of richness and complexity of Cox, but sweetness is main feature; finely textured, quite juicy flesh.

TeeltGroei: T3 · Pluk: e/m-Oct · Bewaring: Nov-Jan · Productie: Hvy, bien

GeschiedenisBelieved English, but history is confused; possibly introduced from Normandy. Mentioned in 1744 by agricultural writer Ellis but probably known earlier. Grown for market in the 18th and 19th centuries. Recommended for drying and used by Victorian chefs for ‘Apple Jelly’ and sweetmeats.

VruchtLemon-colored and shaped, especially king fruits; quite sweet with some lemony acidity, firm yellow flesh.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: e-Oct · Bewaring: Oct-Dec/Mar

GeschiedenisRaised in 1911 by R. Wellington, NYSAES, Geneva. Montgomery X White Transparent. Introduced 1924.

VruchtCooks to white froth, sweet, very juicy, but rather watery. Larger, firmer, not bruising as easily as White Transparent, which it has replaced as the earliest market cooker in the States.

TeeltGroei: T3 · Pluk: l-July-m-Aug

GeschiedenisRaised 1906 by P. Lombarts, Zundert. Believed Calville Blanche d’Hiver seedling. Introduced 1911 by Lombarts family.

VruchtRich, sprightly, lots of flavour of fruit; sweet, juicy. Remains valued in Netherlands.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: m-Oct · Bewaring: Nov-Jan/Mar

SynoniemenFive Crowned Pippin

GeschiedenisArose in Essex or Norfolk according to Norwich nurseryman, G. Lindley, who described it in 1831. Possibly dating from the 16th century. Known by many synonyms.

VruchtSweet, plenty of acidity, quite nutty. Cooked keeps shape, bright lemon, quite rich, sweet taste.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: m-Oct · Bewaring: Nov-Mar

GeschiedenisBelieved new in 1872. Brought to prominence at the 1883 Congress.

VruchtFrothy, codlin-type cooker, juicy, brisk.

TeeltGroei: T1 · Pluk: m-Aug · Bewaring: Aug-Oct · Productie: hvy; small fruit unless thinned

SynoniemenLunteren Pippin

GeschiedenisRaised late C19th by notary J. H. Th. van den Hamm, or villagers of Lunteren in Veluwe, north west Arnhem. Quite rich, sweet-sharp quality; recalling Belle de Boskoop. Among seedlings raised to improve local farmers’ conditions. Remains valued Netherlands.

VruchtQuite rich, sweet-sharp quality; recalling Belle de Boskoop.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: m-Oct · Bewaring: Nov-Jan/Feb

SynoniemenReinette des Vergers, Cwastresse Double, Triomphe du Luxembourg, Calville de Luxembourg

GeschiedenisKnown to Leroy (1873), also as Coastress; acc is variety now known as Cwastresse Double, long grown in standard orchards of Belgium. Name derives from Walloon word ‘cwasterê’ meaning sides or ribs and equivalent to Calville shape. Recommended for cultivation by Agric Res Centre, Gembloux for disease resistance.

VruchtCrisp, sharp, juicy white flesh; fully ripe full of fruit and flavour, lightly perfumed. Cooked, keeps shape.

TeeltGroei: T3 · Pluk: m-Sept · Bewaring: Oct-Nov/Dec

GeschiedenisRaised by R. Wellington, NYSAES, Geneva. McIntosh X Jersey Black. Introd 1923. Named after Canadian fruit breeder, W. T. Macoun. Almost purple flush, with bloom. Very sweet, scented, hint of strawberry flavour. Snow white, juicy flesh; tough skin. Esteemed by American connoisseurs; renewed commercial interest.

VruchtVery sweet, scented, hint of strawberry flavour; snow white, juicy flesh; tough skin.

TeeltGroei: T3 · Pluk: m-Sept · Bewaring: Oct-Dec · Productie: hvy, bien

GeschiedenisRaised at Dominion Experimental Station, Morden, Manitoba. Tetofsky X. Introduced 1929.

VruchtSweet, juicy, light, perhaps almond flavour; soft, melting flesh.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: l-Aug · Bewaring: Aug-Sept

GeschiedenisRecorded in France 1876 by nurseryman Simon-Louis Frères.

VruchtQuite fruity, slightly perfumed; sweet, soft, cream flesh.

TeeltGroei: T1 · Pluk: l-Oct · Bewaring: Dec-Feb/Apr

GeschiedenisFound 1875 near Kollmar, Holstein. Believed seedling of Cox’s Orange Pippin, or Prinzen Apfel, or Edelborsdorfer; mother tree existed in the 1960s. Named after the time of harvest, St Martin’s Day, Nov 11.

VruchtRich, sweet-sharp, intense flavour; crisp, cream flesh.

TeeltGroei: T1 · Pluk: e-Oct · Bewaring: l-Oct-Dec; cold store-Mar · Productie: gd

GeschiedenisRaised 1882 by R. Goethe in Geisenheim, Rhine. Landsberger Reinette seedling. Named after Minister of Agriculture.

VruchtSweet, juicy, quite fruity, but often rather flavourless. Only large fruits develop 'flavour of cumarin'. Vit C 5mg/100gm.

TeeltGroei: T1 · Pluk: e-Oct · Bewaring: Nov-Jan/Mar · Productie: gd

GeschiedenisRaised 1932 by Emil Johansson at Hort Res St, Alnarp. Worcester Pearmain X Oranie.

VruchtBright red flush. Good sweet taste, slight strawberry flavour; soft, juicy white flesh.

TeeltGroei: T3 · Pluk: Aug · Productie: hvy; easily bruised

SynoniemenCrispin

GeschiedenisRaised 1930 at Aomori Apple Exp St. Golden Delicious X Indo. Named 1948. Renamed Crispin 1968 in England, but elsewhere known as Mutsu. Major Japanese variety grown to great size. Grown US, Canada, much used in pie trade, also Italy. As Crispin, in England formerly grown small extent commercially.

VruchtSweet, honeyed, crisp, juicy flesh, similar to Golden Delicious but coarser texture. Cooked, tends keep shape; sweet, light flavour.

TeeltGroei: T3 · Pluk: m-Oct · Bewaring: Dec-Feb · Productie: hvy

GeschiedenisA very old variety, according to Hogg (1884). Tradition claims it was introduced from France by a Jesuit in the 16th century during the reign of Queen Mary or Queen Elizabeth, but the name was not recorded until 1696 in a list of Brompton Park Nursery, London. Prized for 18th-century dessert; also a decorative tree, grown in pots to set about a fruit garden or parterre. Apples hang very late, and it was claimed they could be in fruit and flower at the same time, like orange trees. Remained popular throughout the 19th century, grown by London market gardeners and in Kent; still commended in 1920.

VruchtIntense sweet-sharp flavour of acid or fruit drops; firm, almost spongy, cream-tinged green flesh. Can be over-sharp and needs plenty of autumn sunshine to build up flavour.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: m/l-Oct · Bewaring: Dec/Jan-Mar · Productie: gd

GeschiedenisPres English. Cited 1802 by Forsyth, but prob older; desc Ronalds, Hogg.

Vrucht‘Valuable sauce apple’; cooked keeps little of form; juicy, sharp.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: m-Oct · Bewaring: Dec-Apr · Productie: gd

Geschiedenisarose pres Nottingham. Existed 1815; desc Hogg.

VruchtStrong flavour of fruit, sweet, plenty of acidity; crisp, juicy.

TeeltGroei: T1 · Pluk: e-Oct · Bewaring: Oct-Dec/Feb

Geschiedenisreceived 1951 from Fruit Res St, Jork, nr Hamburg.

VruchtHandsome. Lightly aromatic, quite rich, sweet; tough skin.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: e-Oct · Bewaring: Oct-Dec

Geschiedenisraised 1953 by A. A. Schaap, IVT, Wageningen. Golden Delicious X Ingrid Marie. Introd 1966.

VruchtRich, intense, some aromatic quality; sweet, juicy, but rather coarsely textured flesh.

TeeltGroei: T3 · Pluk: m-Sept · Bewaring: Oct-Nov, cold store-Dec

Geschiedenisacc received 1924 from Mr Kelsey, Surrey under this name, but prob not variety of Hogg. Old Pearmain is syn of Pearmain, mentioned France and UK c1200, but most unlikley that acc is ancient Pearmain.

VruchtPear shaped, well coloured; quite richly flavoured.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: e-Oct · Bewaring: Nov-Dec/Jan

SynoniemenGeneva Ontario; Ontario sport (Geneva)

GeschiedenisRaised circa 1820 by Charles Arnold, Paris, Ontario. Wagener, Northern Spy cross. Introduced to Britain and Europe. RHS AM 1898. Fairly sharp when eaten fresh. Cooked, it keeps its shape or makes brisk, well-flavoured, juicy lemon purée. Formerly widely grown in Canada as a dual-purpose apple. Grown in Saxony, Germany, where valued for juice, spring eating, and a source of vitamin C (21mg/100gm); also grown in northern France.

VruchtIvory/pink flush. Fairly sharp when fresh; keeps shape when cooked. Juicy, lemon-flavoured purée.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: l-Oct · Bewaring: Nov-Apr · Productie: gd; fruit bruises easily

GeschiedenisRaised by W. P. Seabrook, Boreham, Essex. Rival X Worcester Pearmain. Received in 1936. One of a series named after semi-precious stones.

VruchtCrimson flushed, striped with bloom. Quite rich, hint of strawberry flavour; crisp, juicy, can be moderately flavoured.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: e-Sept · Bewaring: Sept-Oct

GeschiedenisReceived in 1976 from Max Planck Institute, Cologne. Cox’s Orange Pippin X Geheimrat Doktor Oldenburg. Some of Cox’s flavour; scented flowery quality; quite rich, aromatic. Crisp but coarse texture. Grown in Rhineland.

VruchtQuite rich, aromatic with a flowery scent. Crisp but coarse texture.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: m-Oct · Bewaring: Nov-Jan

GeschiedenisDescribed 1776 by Dutch botanist Knoop. Widely distributed in Europe with 121 synonyms. RHS AM 1914 as Winter Ribston; 1921 as Orleans Reinette. Became popular in England early 1900s. Among Edward Bunyard’s top six apples; widely grown garden variety.

VruchtAromatic, nutty; sweet, firm, rather dry flesh. Slight orange-red flush, short red stripes, over gold. Size medium.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: m-Oct · Bewaring: Nov-Jan · Productie: gd; needs warm spot for good flavor

SynoniemenReinette d’Osnabrück

GeschiedenisArose in Osnabrück, Hannover. Well known since 1802.

VruchtScented, flowery quality; sweet, some balancing acidity; quite juicy.

TeeltGroei: T1 · Pluk: m-Oct · Bewaring: Nov-Jan/Mar

GeschiedenisProbably arose in Thuringia. Described early 1800s. Synonyms many; widely distributed in Europe. Much grown in Denmark, Switzerland in 1940s.

Vrucht‘Peach Red Summer Apple’; bright pink flush over pale cream; prominently ribbed, crowned. Slightly scented; quite sharp, soft flesh.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: e-Aug

GeschiedenisRaised Inst Fruit Res, Dresden-Pillnitz. Clivia X Undine. Introd 1988.

VruchtQuite sweet and fruity, deep cream firm flesh

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: m-Oct · Bewaring: Jan-Feb/Mar

GeschiedenisRaised Inst Fruit Res, Dresden-Pillnitz. Helios X Apollo (Cox’s Orange Pippin X Oldenburg). Introd 1985.

VruchtAttractive pinky red flush. Crisp, juicy, plenty of sugar and acid and distinctive almost cidery taste.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: eat Aug

GeschiedenisRaised c1785 by Mr White, steward to Lord Foley of Stoke Edith, Herefords. Golden Pippin seedling. Exhib 1845 at London Hort Soc by J. Williams, Pitmaston, Worcester. Repopularised by Bunyard Nursery in 1920s.

VruchtFrt Col golden, fine netting, dots of russet. Intense pineapple flavour; sweet yet sharp, rich, nutty, honeyed.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: e-Oct · Bewaring: l-Oct-Dec · Productie: hvy, bien

GeschiedenisUnknown parentage. Received 1978 from Inst Fruit Research, Čačak.

VruchtRed streaked, flushed. Rich, full of fresh flavour in Dec; sweet, often quite scented; very juicy, crisp flesh.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: l-Oct · Bewaring: Nov-Jan

GeschiedenisReceived 1973.

VruchtExtraordinary color, virtually black. Sweet but no flavour; pale green flesh.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: l-Oct · Bewaring: Dec-Mar · Productie: gd

GeschiedenisRaised 1957 by co-operative breeding programme of Purdue, Rutgers, and Illinois Universities. Complex parentage involving Malus floribunda. Introd 1970.

VruchtStriking red flush. Good taste of fruit; sweet, juicy, rather coarse, deep cream flesh.

TeeltGroei: T3 · Pluk: l-Sept · Bewaring: Oct-Nov · Productie: gd

GeschiedenisBelieved arose c1940 with Calvin D. Bingham, Camillus, Onondaga County, New York. Listed 1854 by American Pom Soc.

VruchtSweet, quite sprightly acidity, almost winey flavour; soft, juicy, white flesh.

TeeltGroei: T3 · Pluk: e-Sept · Bewaring: Sept-Oct

GeschiedenisRaised 1865 by Braun, at Kamenz, east of Dresden, Silesia. Alexander seedling.

VruchtSweet, juicy, slightly perfumed quality, like Alexander, but later season. Refreshing in Jan.

TeeltGroei: T1 · Pluk: l-Sept · Bewaring: Oct-Jan · Productie: hvy

Synoniemensee Melba

GeschiedenisFrance; desc 1948 (Verger Français) when grown Maurs, Cantal (Auvergne).

VruchtSweet, rich, but modest flavour; firm flesh.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: l-Oct · Bewaring: Dec-Feb/Apr

SynoniemenWeisser Rosmarin

GeschiedenisArose in Bolzano, South Tyrol. Known since the early 1800s. Widely distributed across Europe. Many synonyms. Named for its aroma of rosemary, but this is not obvious in England.

VruchtTall, conical, pale gold. Firm, sweet flesh. Cooked, keeps shape; mildly flavoured.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: m-Oct · Bewaring: Nov-Jan

Synoniemensyn Török Bálint

GeschiedenisBelieved ancient variety; acquired present name 1776. As syn ‘Vineuse Rouge d’Hiver’, listed 1598 by Jean Bauhin. As ‘De Signeur d’Hiver’ catalogued 1628 by Le Lectier. Widely distributed over Europe. Syns numerous – 170.

VruchtDark red flush, ribbed, irregularly shaped. Vinous quality, like a cross between melon and strawberry; in Feb, sweet, quite intense taste, crisp.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: l-Oct · Bewaring: Jan-Mar/Apr

GeschiedenisRaised IVT, Wageningen. Reinette Rouge Étoilée X Cox’s Orange Pippin. Recorded 1954.

VruchtRubens red flush. Raspberry flavour of Reinette Rouge Étoilée, sweeter, more appealing.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: m-Oct · Bewaring: Jan-March · Productie: C gd

GeschiedenisArose c1853 in nursery in Ottawa, Illinois. Introd 1884 by Arthur Bryant, Princeton, Illinois.

VruchtSweet with good taste of fruit; crisp, quite juicy, deep cream flesh.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: e-Oct · Bewaring: S Nov-Jan

Synoniemen7 M D

GeschiedenisWell known early 1800s, when sent to London Hort Soc by nursmn John Robertson of Kilkenny. Tradition claims introd Ireland late 1500s by founder of Crofton family, Longford House, County Sligo.

VruchtStriking dark red flush, under network of russet. Sweet, almost scented taste. Still found County Sligo in 1950s.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: m-Sept · Bewaring: S Sept-Oct/Nov

GeschiedenisRaised 1926 by R. C. Palmer, CDARS, Summerland, British Columbia. McIntosh X Yellow Newtown Pippin. Introduced 1936. Major Canadian market apple, also grown in Switzerland, Poland, and small extent in England.

VruchtAt best, perfumed with flavour like a cross between strawberry and melon; usually described as vinous. Sweet, some acidity, juicy, crisp, white flesh; can lapse into metallic blandness. Tough skin.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: e-Oct · Bewaring: Nov-Jan; commercially-Feb · Productie: gd

GeschiedenisRaised 1926 by R. C. Palmer, CDARS, Summerland, British Columbia. McIntosh X Golden Delicious. Introduced 1959.

VruchtCrimson flushed. Honeyed, very sweet in early October; crisp, juicy.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: e-Oct · Bewaring: Oct-Dec; cold store-Mar · Productie: gd

GeschiedenisRaised by R. D. Way, NYSAES, New York. Red Spy X Golden Delicious. Introduced 1962. Highly esteemed by American enthusiasts.

VruchtVery large. Sweet, honeyed, more acidity than Golden Delicious, but similar; very juicy, crisp, yellow flesh.

TeeltGroei: T3 · Pluk: m-Oct · Bewaring: Nov-Jan · Productie: hvy

SynoniemenScarlet Pimpernel

GeschiedenisDiscv 1938 by Douglas Bonner at Orofino, Idaho. Introd 1944 by Stark Bros, Missouri. Formerly grown for early English markets, but small, easily bruised fruit and short season led to commercial demise.

VruchtSharp yet plenty of sweetness; juicy, soft, melting flesh. Best eaten from tree.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: eat e-m-Aug · Productie: C hvy

GeschiedenisFound 1841 on property in Kellinghusen, Holstein by Stina Lohmann; tree then 40/50 yrs old.

VruchtQuite rich; strong blend of sugars and acid; pale yellow flesh.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: e-Oct · Bewaring: Dec-Feb/Mar

Synoniemensyn Neue Goldparmäne

GeschiedenisRaised at Exp Botany St, Strizovice. Jolana (scab res selection) X Lord Lambourne; fruited 1983.

VruchtIntense savoury taste, brisk, juicy, soft pale cream flesh; reminiscent of James Grieve or Gravenstein.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: l-Sept · Bewaring: S Oct-Nov

SynoniemenKing Apple, Killick’s Apple, D. T. Fish

GeschiedenisKnown late 1700s. Originally King Apple, but sent by Mr Warner to nursmn Thomas Rivers, who gave it prefix. Also known around Maidstone as Killick’s Apple after fruit grower, and further north as D. T. Fish, after HG. RHS AGM 1993.

VruchtCooks to sharp, strongly flavoured purée, but never as sharp as Bramley; mellows with keeping.

TeeltGroei: T3 · Pluk: l-Sept · Bewaring: l-Sept-Dec · Productie: C hvy; prn bitter pit,

GeschiedenisReceived 1951 from Fruit Res St, Jork, nr Hamburg.

VruchtRich, sweet-sharp taste; mellowing to very sweet; curious crumbling texture.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: m-Sept · Bewaring: Sept-Nov

GeschiedenisRecorded 1800. Syns many. Strong savoury taste of fruit; quite sharp early Nov; firm white flesh. Grown particularly in Hannover in C19th; popular and dual purpose throughout Germany.

TeeltGroei: T3 · Pluk: l-Sept · Bewaring: S Oct-Jan/Feb

Geschiedenisarose 1876 on farm of David Flory, nr Adamsboro, Cass County, Indiana. Introd 1890. RHS AM 1912. Yellow with slight blush. Sweet, scented in good year; juicy, melting flesh; in US develops ‘aromatic flavour similar to bananas’. Grown early 1900s in Washington, British Columbia and exported to UK. Currently being revived by American amateurs. Planted 1920s in English gardens, but needs warmer climate. Still grown small extent on continent; in Germany used for juice manufacture and valued garden fruit.

VruchtYellow with slight blush. Sweet, scented, juicy, melting flesh.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: e-Oct · Bewaring: S Nov-Jan/Mar

Geschiedenisraised at Scientific Inst Hort, Kiev. Introd 1968.

VruchtLemon yellow, markedly conical. Refreshing; crisp, juicy; high vit C content.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: m-Oct · Bewaring: Dec-Feb/Mar · Productie: C hvy

Geschiedenisarose nr Wolf River, Fremont County, Wisconsin with W. A. Springer. Believed Alexander seedling. Recorded 1875; listed 1881 by American Pom Soc.

VruchtVery large, dark red flushed. Soft, juicy flesh. Dual purpose in States – ‘one apple makes a pie’. Resembles and overtook Alexander as market fruit in western US; now only grown by amateurs.

TeeltGroei: T3 · Pluk: m-Sept · Bewaring: S Sept-Oct · Productie: C reported res scab, mildew

Geschiedenisarose with market gardener Mr Hale, of Swan Pool, St Johns, nr Worcester. Believed Devonshire Quarrenden seedling. Richard Smith of St John’s Nursery, Worcester, bought grafts in 1873; showed it to RHS; FCC 1875. Smith selling trees at guinea each in 1876. RHS AGM 1993.

VruchtBright red and sunbaked, densely sweet with intense strawberry flavour; firm, juicy, white flesh. Can be rather cloying; reminding Morton Shand of ‘boiled sweet flavoured with synthetic pear juice’. Often picked early and less colourful and tends to be chewy with little definite flavour. England’s main early autumn commercial variety since late 1800, but now only grown small extent for market. Remains widely popular garden apple. Its bright fruits and distinctive blossom – almond opening to silvery white – led to its decorative use in shrubbery in 1890s. Frt Col bright rd flush, some faint rd stripes, grnish yell/pale yell background; lenticels conspic as russet dots. Size med. Shape rnd-con; sometimes sltly lop-sided; sltly ribbed. Basin nrw, med/shall; sltly ribbed; often 5 beads. Eye sml, clsd; sepals sml, qte downy. Cavity med wdth dpth; russet lined. Stalk shrt, qte thck. Flesh wht.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: e/m-Sept · Bewaring: S Sept-Oct · Productie: C hvy

Synoniemenreinette parmentier

GeschiedenisObtained in 1885 at Hausen on Zaber, Württemberg; distributed in 1926 according to German pomologist Petzold. French and Belgian pomologists believe it to be Reinette Parmentier, obtained by Parmentier, a Belgian nurseryman in 1830 and widely distributed in northern Europe. Bronzed russet, often large. Intense sweet-sharp taste, firm flesh. By January sweeter, quite nutty, sometimes with little of the ‘russet’ flavor associated with Egremont Russet. Grown in Germany, considered ‘less sharp substitute for Belle de Boskoop’. Known as Reinette Parmentier in Belgium and France.

VruchtIntense sweet-sharp taste; firm flesh; becomes sweeter, quite nutty by January.

TeeltGroei: T2 · Pluk: m-Oct · Bewaring: Dec-Mar · Productie: gd

GeschiedenisPossibly arose in Riga; introduced to the Netherlands by Vallen of Swalmen. Dark red flushed over pale yellow; tall, ribbed, like Red Astrachan. Its name means ‘Gypsy’. Refreshing, juicy, soft flesh. Cooks to juicy purée, lightly flavoured. Remains popular in the Netherlands, mainly for its appearance.

VruchtRefreshing, juicy, soft flesh. Cooks to juicy purée, lightly flavoured.

TeeltGroei: T1 · Pluk: Aug